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Was Jesus’ Last Supper a Seder?
Many people assume that Jesus’ Last Supper was a Seder, a ritual meal held in celebration of the Jewish holiday of Passover. And indeed, according to the Gospel of Mark 14:12, Jesus prepared for the Last Supper on the “first day of Unleavened...
Bible Review, October 2001
Sacred Stones in the Desert
Take even a one- or two-day trip through the Sinai or Negev deserts and you’ll come across scores of them—standing stones erected in a variety of combinations. These stone installations may help us understand the very origins of Israelite...
Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 2001
Whose Earrings Did Jacob Bury?
When the patriarch Jacob returns to Canaan with his family after a 20-year sojourn with his uncle Laban, God instructs him to go to Bethel and build an altar (Genesis 35:1). Jacob immediately tells his entourage to rid themselves of the alien...
Bible Review, August 2001
Reading David in Genesis
How we know the Torah was written in the tenth century B.C.E.
For the last two hundred years, a central question in biblical studies has been the authorship of the Torah (or Pentateuch). The Age of Enlightenment led scholars to realize that the traditional Jewish and Christian belief in Moses’...
Bible Review, February 2001
Why Deborah’s Different
Some see her as an ancient Israelite Joan of Arc, a devout maid who led her people to victory against a hated national foe.1 Others picture her as the prototype of the modern militant feminist, who challenged the forces of an oppressive...
Bible Review, June 2001
The Un-Moralized Bible
Sometime around the year 1225, a Latin Bible with illustrated commentary was made for King Louis VIII of France.1 It is called the Bible moralisée, and it is a remarkable and disturbing work. This Bible is massive both in size and...
Bible Review, April 2001
The Bible Through a Poet’s Prism
Reading Emily Dickenson’s poems as Revelation continued
The Bible,” wrote American poet Emily Dickinson, “is an antique Volume…/ Written by faded Men / At the suggestion of Holy Spectres.” Condemning contemporary pastors for rendering the...
Bible Review, April 2001
Excavating the Land of Sheba
Archaeology reveals the kingdoms of ancient Yemen
To most people, Yemen is an obscure part of southwest Arabia that appears to have escaped major currents of history. Yemen’s greatest claim to fame is that it is known as the birthplace of the queen of Sheba and that it was once the center of...
Archaeology Odyssey, November/December 2001
When Palestine Meant Israel
Most people assume that the name Palestine derives from “Land of the Philistines” (Peleshetin the Hebrew Bible; see Psalms 60:10; Isaiah 14:29, 31), via the Greek Palaistinêand the Latin Palaestina. But there is evidence...
Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 2001
Mad to See the Monuments
How ancient Assyria saved Victorian Bible scholarship
In August of 1847, the British Museum mounted the first major display of Assyrian antiquities in England. For a year, the public had pored over sketches from Austen Henry Layard’s Mesopotamian excavations in the Illustrated London News...
Bible Review, December 2001
Lilith
Seductress, heroine or murderer?
For 4,000 years Lilith has wandered the earth, figuring in the mythic imaginations of writers, artists and poets. Her dark origins lie in Babylonian demonology, where amulets and incantations were used to counter the sinister powers of this...
Bible Review, October 2001
Was the Early Church Jewish?
In the twenty-third chapter of his gospel, Matthew describes Jesus speaking against the Pharisees and scribes. “Woe to you,” Jesus cries out, labeling these Jews “hypocrites,” “blind fools,” “blind men,” “serpents” and a “brood of vipers” (...
Bible Review, December 2001
Excavating the Tribe of Reuben
A four-room house provides a clue to where the oldest Israelite tribe settled.
We were lucky. There’s no other way to explain it. When our archaeological survey team, part of a larger expedition known as the Madaba Plains Project, discovered Tall al-‘Umayri1 in...
Biblical Archaeology Review, March/April 2001
Financing the Colosseum
Where did the money come from to build this magnificent Roman structure? An extremely unusual inscription—one without any extant letters—points to the spoils from the Jerusalem Temple.
“So long as the Colosseum stands, Rome also stands; when the Colosseum will fall, Rome also will fall; when Rome will fall, the world also will fall” (The Venerable Bede).1 The...
Biblical Archaeology Review, July/August 2001
The connection between religious faith and our circulation
Biblical Archaeology Review, July/August 2001
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