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The Name of God in the New Testament
Did the earliest Gospels use Hebrew letters for the Tetragrammaton?
Many early copies of the New Testament abbreviate sacred words (nomina sacra). The earliest of these abbreviations stand for “God,” “Lord,” “Christ,” and “Jesus.” Abbreviations of these...
Biblical Archaeology Review, March 1978
The New Testament in the Comics
For Paul, as well as for the Gospels as they have come down to us, the most meaningful moments of Jesus’ life were his crucifixion and—beyond that—his resurrection. It is not difficult to understand, however, why contemporary cartoons and...
Bible Review, December 1993
My Odyssey in New Testament Interpretation
Karl Marx, when he was living in Highgate, London, was once asked to address a group of theologians. On his arrival, the meeting place was full of tobacco smoke, and Marx remarked, “Theologians always cloud the issues.” When I remind...
Bible Review, June 1989
New Testament Political Figures Confirmed
53 people from the Hebrew Bible have been confirmed by archaeology. What about the New Testament? Lawrence Mykytiuk examines the political figures in the New Testament who can be identified in the archaeological record and by extra-Biblical writings. Find out who makes the cut.
Biblical Archaeology Review, September/October 2017
The Dead Sea Scrolls and the New Testament
What do the Dead Sea Scrolls tell us about the New Testament? One possible answer is: Nothing. The scrolls were associated with a relatively small group, or, rather, with several small groups.a Other Jewish people, like the first Christians,...
Biblical Archaeology Review, March/April 2015
How the New Testament Gospels Developed
Finds of ancient manuscripts, often fragmentary, and quotations by the Church Fathers have shown that during the first and second centuries, at least ten gospels were circulating.1 The New Testament had not yet been canonized. That the...
Biblical Archaeology Review, November/December 2009
How the Books of the New Testament Were Chosen
How did the Church decide which books to include in the New Testament? When was the decision made? By whom? The surviving evidence unfortunately does not provide answers in the detail we would like, but it does document a number of the...
Bible Review, April 1993
The Short List: The New Testament Figures Known to History
The relatively plain ossuary (bone box) described in the preceding article by André Lemaire is doubly important to the study of early Christianity. It is the earliest archaeological artifact ever found that refers to Jesus; in fact, it is the...
Biblical Archaeology Review, November/December 2002
Saints Men
Rembrandt’s New Testament
Throughout his long and extraordinarily productive career, Rembrandt van Rijn (1606–1669) turned repeatedly to the Bible as a source of inspiration for his paintings, drawings and etchings. Although his composition, themes and pictorial style...
Bible Review, Spring 2005
This Place Is for the Birds
New Testament tower?
Surely one of the most exciting moments in the life of a Biblical archaeologist is finding something that seems to illuminate the Biblical text. The recent discovery of the Siloam Pool where, according to John 9:1–7, Jesus cured a man who had...
Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 2009
What Jews (and Christians too) Should Know About the New Testament
Most Jews do not grow up with New Testament stories. While the term “Prodigal son” may be familiar, Jewish readers may not know that this very Jewish parable, which begins “There was a man who had two sons” (Luke 15:11), evokes the Hebrew...
Biblical Archaeology Review, March/April 2012
The Old Testament Among Christian Theologians
Let’s face it. Christians have a problem when it comes to the use of the Old Testament in the church. We have found a variety of ways of overlooking or de-emphasizing or simply dismissing the Old Testament and its inherent value for the...
Bible Review, February 1990
Pere de Vaux and the Old Testament
After almost forty years of intense Biblical research and teaching, Roland de Vaux, O.P. died in Jerusalem, on September 10, 1971. The world of Biblical scholarship mourned the passing of one of its most illustrious colleagues. Père de...
Biblical Archaeology Review, June 1977
Profiles in Scholarly Courage
Early days of New Testament criticism
More than two centuries ago, it occurred to a few European intellectuals that Jesus as a figure of history may have been quite different from Jesus as portrayed in the Gospels. With the awareness of that potential difference, the scholarly quest for the Jesus of history began. At that time and in...
Bible Review, October 1994
How the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament Differ
An interview with David Noel Freedman—Part I
Ours is an age of increasing specialization, especially in biblical studies. Scholars today frequently restrict themselves to a single text (or portion of a text!), or to the history of a particular place during a narrow period of time. In...
Bible Review, December 1993