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Displaying 1 - 13 of 13 results

The History of Israelite Religion

A Secular or Theological Subject?
By Frank Moore Cross
042 If we propose to study the history of the religion of ancient Israel, we must be governed by the same postulates that are the basis of modern historical method. Our task must be a historical, not a theological, enterprise. We must trace the...
Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 2005

Bah, Humbug!

A scholar rips Handel’s Messiah
By William H.C. Propp
043 Every December, concert halls and churches throughout the English-speaking world resound with the strains of George Frederic Handel‘s mighty Messiah. For centuries, music lovers have gone home humming the arias and choruses that Handel‘s...
Bible Review, December 2002

Kings Og’s Iron Bed

Fact or fancy?
By Alan R. Millard
016 017 In Moses’ famous speech that comprises most of Deuteronomy, he describes the Israelite conquest of two kingdoms east of the Jordan—Heshbon, led by a king named Sihon, and Bashan, led by...
Bible Review, April 1990

Exorcising Demons

By William H.C. Propp
014 Pazuzu...Lamashtu...Khatyu...Sheseru...Sasam...Lilith...Asmodeus...Beelzebub.... Names to conjure with. Literally. Years ago, when I was a student at Harvard, my teacher Frank Moore Cross raised a puzzling question: Why do demons—so prominent...
Bible Review, October 2004

Daniel and Belshazzar in History

By Alan R. Millard
073 The party was in full swing, the wine flowed freely, and everyone felt on top of the world. There was no power on earth to rival Babylon, and no gods in heaven to equal hers. This is the setting of the famous fifth chapter of the Book of...
Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 1985

II: Original Biblical Text Reconstructed from Newly Found Fragments

Scrolls provide a fresh understanding of apocalyptic elements in late biblical religion
By Frank Moore Cross
026027 In the last issue of Bible Review, Professor Cross presented a description, based on his study of the Dead Sea Scrolls, of how the text of the Hebrew Bible developed (“The Text...
Bible Review, Fall 1985

Ebla and the Bible

What’s left (if anything)?
By Alan R. Millard
018 019 I remember it well. It was early October 1975. We were sitting on top of the tell having lunch. One of our guests, Afif Bahnassi, the director of the Department of Antiquities of Syria...
Bible Review, April 1992

Literacy in the Time of Jesus

Could His Words Have Been Recorded in His Lifetime?
By Alan R. Millard
037 How likely is it that someone would have written down and collected Jesus’ sayings into a book in Jesus’ lifetime? Several lines of evidence converge to suggest it is quite probable. The first factor to consider is how prevalent literacy was...
Biblical Archaeology Review, July/August 2003

Circumcision

Who Did It, Who Didn’t and Why
By Philip J. King
049 Pottery is probably the archaeologist’s most important diagnostic tool, not only for dating a stratum of an excavation, but also for determining the culture and ethnicity of the ancient people who lived there at the time. In 1969, however, at...
Biblical Archaeology Review, July/August 2006

I: The Text Behind the Text of the Hebrew Bible

By Frank Moore Cross
012013 012 This is Part I of a two-part article; the second part will appear in the next issue of Bible Review. Part 2 will discuss the...
Bible Review, Summer 1985

The Dead Sea Scrolls and the People Who Wrote Them

By Frank Moore Cross
After a quarter century of discovery and publication, the study of the manuscripts from the desert of Judah has entered a new, more mature phase. True, the heat and noise of the early controversies have not wholly dissipated. One occasionally hears the agonized cry of a scholar pinned beneath a collapsed theory. And in the popular press, no doubt, the so-called battle of the scrolls will continue to be fought with mercenaries for some time to come. However, the initial period of confusion is past. From the burgeoning field of scroll research and the new disciplines it has created, certain coherent patterns of fact and meaning have emerged.
Biblical Archaeology Review, March 1977

The Great Eighth Century

By Philip J. King
022023 022 A century is a wholly arbitrary block of time. History surely does not proceed by 100-year chunks. And to mark the beginning and...
Bible Review, August 1989

Does the Bible Exaggerate King Solomon’s Golden Wealth?

By Alan R. Millard
020 021 Those who read the Biblical text and make a subjective judgment as to its reliability often conclude—and understandably so—that the descriptions of Solomon’s gold are gross...
Biblical Archaeology Review, May/June 1989

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